HEMATOXYLIN, WHICH STRUCTURE IS SHOWN BELOW, IS AN IMPORTANT BIOACTIVE FLAVONOID COMPOUND AND IS PRESENT IN PLANTS [1]. IN THE PAST, HEMATOXYLIN WAS REQUIRED FOR USE IN SURGERY AS A BACTERIAL STAIN. IN MODERN DAYS, HEMATOXYLIN HAS BEEN DEVELOPED AS AN IMPORTANT AGENT IN THE HISTOPATHOLOGICAL DIAGNOSIS OF PROSTATE CANCER [1]. THERE ARE TWO CATECHOL RINGS, RINGS A AND B, IN THE CHEMICAL STRUCTURE OF HEMATOXYLIN:…

CHLOROGENIC ACID (5-O-CAFFEOYLQUINIC ACID) IS PREDOMINANT INPLANTS, FRUITS AND VEGETABLES SUCH AS COFFEE BEANS, APPLES, PEARS, TOMATOES, BLUEBERRIES, POTATOES, PEANUTS AND EGGPLANTS [1].IT WAS FOUND TO HAVE ANTIBACTERIAL ACTIVITY BY INCREASING THE MEMBRANE PERMEABILITY, RESULTING IN THE LOSS OF THE BARRIER FUNCTION [2].IN THIS WORK, THE ELECTROCHEMICAL BEHAVIOR OF CGA, WAS STUDIED USING CYCLIC VOLTAMMETRY, CHRONOAMPEROMETRY AND CONTROLLED POTENTIAL COULOMETRY. THE EFFECTS OF DIFFERENT PARAMETERS SUCH AS PH, CGA CONCENTRATION, TIME WINDOW OF THE CHOSEN ELECTROCHEMICAL METHOD, AND TEMPERATURE ON THE ELECTROCHEMICAL BEHAVIOR OF CGA HAVE BEEN STUDIED FOR UNDERSTANDING THE OXIDATION MECHANISM OF THIS COMPOUND. THE RESULTS INDICATED THAT THE PROCESS OF ELECTRO OXIDATION OF CGA FOLLOWS AN ECE MECHANISM. THE ELECTROCHEMICAL BEHAVIOR OF CGA IS STRONGLY DEPENDED ON SOLUTION PH. THE PH DEPENDENCE OF THE REDOX ACTIVITY OF CGA IN AQUEOUS SOLUTION AT A TEMPERATURE RANGE 15-40OC WAS USED FOR THE EXPERIMENTAL DETERMINATION OF THE STANDARD POTENTIALS OF BOTH THE ONE-PROTON-TWO-ELECTRON (0.37 V) AND TWO-PROTON-TWO-ELECTRON (0.54 V) REDOX PROCESSES. THE DIFFUSION COEFFICIENT OF CGA WAS CALCULATED AS 6.97´10-7 CM2 S-1 FOR THE EXPERIMENTAL CONDITIONS, USING CHRONOAMPEROMETRIC RESULTS.

FENTANYL IS A MEMBER OF THE CLASS OF DRUGS KNOWN AS FENTANYLS, RAPID-ACTING OPIOID DRUGS THAT ALLEVIATE PAIN WITHOUT CAUSING LOSS OF CONSCIOUSNESS. IN THIS RESEARCH, WE HAVE INVESTIGATED THE ELECTROCHEMICAL OXIDATION OF FENTANYL USING CYCLIC VOLTAMMETRY AND DIFFERENTIAL PULSE VOLTAMMETRY...

IN THIS PROJECT ONE GROUP OF NANOSIZED SPINEL-TYPE OXIDES CONTAIN ARE PREPARED FROM NITRATES OF THE CONSTITUENT METAL ION, CITRIC ACID (CA), USING A SOL-GEL METHOD. A SERIES OF COMMON ANALYTICAL TECHNIQUES ARE USED TO CHARACTERIZE THE CRYSTALLINITY, MORPHOLOGY, SPECIFIC SURFACE AREA, AND GRAIN SIZE OF THE NANOPOWDERS. THERMAL DECOMPOSITION PROCESS OF THE COMPLEX PRECURSOR IS EXAMINED BY MEANS OF DIFFERENTIAL THERMAL ANALYSIS–THERMAL GRAVIMETRIC COMPLETELY FORMED AFTER CALCINATION TREATMENT. THE SURFACE MORPHOLOGY AND COMPOSITION OF THESE NANOPOWDERS ARE ALSO INVESTIGATED USING SCANNING ELECTRON MICROSCOPY (SEM) AND ENERGY DISPERSIVE X-RAY SPECTROMETER (EDX). THE FOURIER TRANSFORM INFRARED (FTIR) SPECTRA AND THE ULTRAVIOLET-VISIBLE (UV-VIS) SPECTRA ARE ALSO MEASURED FOR STUDYING OF STRUCTURE OF PREPARED NANOPOWDERS. THE NANOPARTICLES SHOWED THE EXCELLENT ADSORPTION PROPERTIES TOWARDS PHOSPHATE. THE ADSORPTION STUDIES HAVE BEEN CARRIED OUT AT DIFFERENT PH VALUES, INITIAL DAY CONCENTRATION AND ADSORBENT DOSES TO THE OPTIMUM CONDITIONS.THE REMOVAL OF PHOSPHATE 98% WAS ACHIEVED. THE KINETIC STUDIES INDICATE THAT THE REMOVAL PROCESS OBEYS THE SECOND-ORDER KINETIC EQUATION ALSO, THE EXPERIMENTAL ISOTHERMS WERE ANALYSED WITH FOUR PARAMETERSE QUATIONS USING LINEAR REGRESSION. MOREOVER, THE ABILITY OF SPINEL NANOPARTICLES TO REMOVE NVIROMENTAL POLLUTANT FROM AQUEOUS SOLUTIONS IS ASSESSED. THE ADSORPTION STUDIES ARE CARRIED OUT AT DIFFERENT PH VALUES, DIFFERENT ADSORBATE CONCENTRATIONS, VARIOUS ADSORBENT DOSAGES, DIFFERENT TEMPERATURE, AND CONTACT TIME IN A BATCH EXPERIMENTS TO FIND THE OPTIMUM CONDITIONS.

BACKGROUND: THE INCREASING USE OF NANOMATERIAL WILL LEAD TO CAUSING HARM TO THE ENVIRONMENT IT IS NECESSARY TO FIND EFFECTIVE METHODS TO REMOVE THESE NANOMATERIAL FROM WASTE WATER [1, 2]. IN OTHER HAND, THE HIGH COST OF RAW MATERIALS FOR THE PRODUCTION OF THE NOBLE METAL NANOMATERIAL REQUIRES THEIR LIMITED USE OR THE DEVELOPMENT OF A RECYCLING AND RECOVERY METHODS [3]...

OVER THE PAST DECADES, CONSIDERABLE ATTENTION WITH RESPECT TO ENVIRONMENTAL PROBLEMS HAS BEEN DEVOTED TO THE DEVELOPMENT OF PHOTOCATALYTIC SYSTEMS. THE PHOTOCATALYTIC DEGRADATION OF COTRIMAXAZOLE ANTIMICROBIAL WHICH HAS WIDELY USED IN HUMAN AND VETERINARY MEDICINE, BY USING FEO-NCP AS HETEROGENEOUS CATALYST WAS INVESTIGATED UNDER HG LAMP IN AQUEOUS SOLUTION. NANOPARTICLES OF CLINOPTILOLITE WERE PREPARED BY MECHANICAL BALL-MILL METHOD AND FEO-NCP WAS PREPARED DURING ION EXCHANGE AND CALCINATIONS PROCESSES. THE PROPOSED CATALYST WAS USED IN PHOTODEGRADATION OF COTRIMAXAZOLE AQUEOUS SOLUTION. FOR THIS GOAL, SUSPENSIONS CONTAINING A DEFINITE AMOUNT OF COTRIMAXAZOLE AND CATALYST WERE IRRADIATED AND AT REGULAR TIME INTERVALS, THE ABSORBANCE OF THE IRRADIATED AND UN-IRRADIATED SOLUTIONS WAS RECORDED TO CALCULATE THE DEGRADATION EXTENT [1]. ALL SAMPLES WERE CHARACTERIZED BY XRD, FTIR, TEM, METHODS. THE DEGRADATION RESULTS WERE CONFIRMED BY COD AND HPLC. THE OPTIMUM VALUES FOR EXPERIMENTAL PARAMETERS WERE 0.05 G L-1 OF PHOTOCATALYST, 50 TIME DILUTED OF THE ORIGINAL PREPARED SOLUTION (ONE CAPSULE/100 ML), AND PH 3. THE KINETICS OF THE PROCESS OBEYED FIRST ORDER KINETICS. USING NANO-CLINOPTILOLITE PARTICLES SIGNIFICANTLY INCREASED THE PHOTOCATALYTIC ACTIVITY OF FEO WITH RESPECT TO MICRONIZED ONE. THE PROPOSED CATALYST RETAINS ABOVE 60% OF ITS INITIAL ACTIVITY AFTER TWO SUCCESSIVE USING [2].